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Study on Short Term Smoking Cessation Treatment in Dental Hospitals in Korea

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Abstract

Èí¿¬Àº Àü½Å»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±¸°­¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ Áúº´ÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ À§Çè ÀÎÀÚÀ̸ç, Ä¡°úÀǻ簡 ±Ý¿¬ Ä¡·á¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °³ÀÎÀÇ Àü½Å °Ç°­°ú Ä¡ÁÖÄ¡·á¿Í ÀÓÇöõÆ® Ä¡·á °°Àº Ä¡°ú Ä¡·áÀÇ ¿¹ÈÄ¿¡µµ Å« Â÷À̸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
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º» ¿¬±¸ÀÇ °á°ú¿¡ µû¸£¸é, Èí¿¬ÀÚ´Â ÁÖ·Î 30-50´ë Áß¡¤Àå³âÃþÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò°í, Èí¿¬±â°£Àº ¿¬·É Áõ°¡¿¡ ºñ·ÊÇϸç, ÇÏ·ç Èí¿¬·®Àº 30´ë¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¸¹¾Ò´Ù. ±Ý¿¬½Ãµµ´Â 30,40´ë¿¡¼­ ±Ý¿¬½Ãµµ ºñÀ²ÀÌ ³ô¾Ò°í ±× ±â°£Àº ´ëºÎºÐ 1-3°³¿ùÀ̾ú´Ù. Èí¿¬ÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯·Î´Â ½ºÆ®·¹½º ÇØ¼Ò¿Í ½À°üÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ºóµµ¸¦ º¸¿´À¸¸ç Heavy Smoking Index (HSI)´Â 20´ë°¡ °¡Àå ³·°í (71.4%) 60´ë°¡ °¡Àå ³ô¾Ò´Ù(93.7%).
Èí¿¬ °æ°í ¹®±¸¿¡ ´ëÇØ Âü°¡ÀÚÀÇ 68%´Â ±Ý¿¬À» ¶°¿Ã·È´Ù. ±¸°­Áúȯ(±¸°­Á¡¸·Áúȯ, Ä¡ÁÖÁúȯ, Ä¡¾Æ¿ì½ÄÁõ)°ú Èí¿¬ÀÇ °ü·Ã¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÇÇèÂü°¡ÀÚµéÀÇ Àνĵµ´Â ºñ±³Àû ³ô¾ÒÁö¸¸(50¢¦68%) ±Ý¿¬ ¼º°ø·üÀº ÀÏ¹Ý ÀÇ°úÁø·á½Ç¿¡ ºñÇØ ¾ÆÁÖ ³·Àº °á°ú¸¦ º¸¿´´Ù(22.7%).
Èí¿¬°ü·Ã Áúȯ ¿¹¹æ ¾÷¹«¿¡¼­ÀÇ Ä¡°úÀÇ»çÀÇ Á߿伺À» °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§, ±Ý¿¬Ä¡·á¿¡ Ä¡°úÀÇ»çµéÀÌ º¸´Ù Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀνÄÀÇ º¯È­°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ³·Àº Ä¡·á ¼º°øÀ²ÀÌ Ã¼°èÈ­µÇÁö ¸øÇÑ Áø·á³»¿ë ¶§¹®ÀÓÀ» °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§, 5As¡¯ ¹æ¹ý µî°ú °°Àº ±Ý¿¬°ü·Ã »ó´ã¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ Ä¡°úÀÇ»ç ±³À°°ú ȯÀÚ ±³À°À» À§ÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀÚ·áÀÇ °³¹ßÀ» ÅëÇØ ±Ý¿¬ ¼º°ø·üÀ» ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

Smoking has been identified not as a major risk factor for circulatory and respiratory diseases but also as causes of various oral diseases. A number of clinical studies and regional health surveys have found an association between smoking and poor oral health status and between smoking and prognosis of dental treatments. However, there is few studies about status of smoking cessation treatment and policies in dentistry in Korea.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the smoking patterns of outpatients and outcomes of short-term smoking cessation treatment in dental hospitals in Korea and, subsequently, to seek further smoking cessation services in dentistry.
This study was sponsored by Korean Dental Association (KDA) and department of culture and welfare. 825 dental patients were voluntarily participated in a 4-week smoking cessation program with nicotine patch and 297 participants of them completed on smoking-related questionnaires. All participants were recruited from outpatients of 11 dental university hospitals (primarily in the department of oral medicine, oral surgery and periodontology) in Korea during 3-month period from October 2009 to January 2010. The Questionnaires included demographics, duration of smoking, heavy smoking index (HSI), number of thinking of quit smoking, duration of stop smoking and reasons to smoking, awareness of smoking effects on oral health, and their success rate after 4 weeks of nicotine patch program was investigated. The statistical analysis was carried by SPSS version 18.0 program and Chi-square test.
According to the results of this study, male in their 30s to 50s were the most prevalent of all the participants and duration of smoking increased with age. Attempt rate to quit smoking (Quit smoking) was the highest in 30s and 40s with duration of quit smoking ranging 1 to 3 months. Emotional stresswas the most frequently reported reason for smoking, followed by habit and pleasure in order. All age group showed high HIS over 71% and awareness of smoking effects on oral diseases such as oral soft tissue diseases, periodontal diseases and dental caries was found relatively high (50¢¦60%) Periodontal implant was the main reason for participation in the smoking cessation services in dental clinics and the success rate of, 4-week nicotine patch program of all the participants was 29.4%, extremely low compared to that of medical clinics. Systemic education for dentists to be able to provide interventions to quit smoking including counseling with the 5As¡¯and development of available measures for smokers is needed as considered that the low success rate of the smoking cessation services in dentistry could be explained mainly by lack of dentists¡¯ strategies, experience and attention. Awareness and attention of dentists should be emphasized and their participation be encouraged by long-term, multidisciplinary policies such as establishment of insurance fee, which would made a considerable progress in preventing smoking-related oral diseases and promoting public oral health.

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Dentistry; Smoking; Smoking cessation program

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